sound waves cause air particles to vibrate back and forth; ripples cause water particles to vibrate up and down. A longitudinal wave is one in which the vibrations of the particles are parallel to ...

These types of waves are called longitudinal waves. In the diagram above the rope moves up and down but the energy is transferred along the rope from left to right, at 90° to the oscillation.

TEGO revolutionizes gravitational wave detection with its tetrahedral spacecraft formation, improving sensitivity and ...