drained during ERCP, the authors analyzed the possible anatomical biliary variants. 13, 14 The most frequent variant is the right anterior hepatic duct joining the right posterior hepatic duct before ...

Plastic stents become occluded by a biofilm of ... HIUS is performed by passing an ultrasound probe over a guidewire into the bile duct during ERCP. Several HIUS treatments are applied throughout ...

However, in literature, there is no consensus for optimal endoscopic intervention. Biliary sphincterotomy alone, placement of a biliary stent, and nasobiliary drainage are available approaches.