Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is a surface-sensitive analytical technique that provides information about the elemental composition, chemical state, and electronic structure of a material's surface ...

For the first time, researchers have been able to measure the quantum state of electrons ejected from atoms that have absorbed high-energy light pulses. This is thanks to a new measurement technique ...

The photoelectric effect, first explained by Albert Einstein in 1905, laid the foundation for quantum mechanics. It occurs when high-energy light strikes atoms, releasing electrons. This phenomenon is ...

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is a common surface analysis method because it can be used on a wide variety of materials and supplies valuable quantitative and chemical data. X-ray photoelectron ...

The PHI 5800 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) is equipped with a dual source anode (Al and Mg), a hemispherical analyzer for XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis, including ...